Ch2 Anatomy and Physiology – NTE301

___________ is the study of the structures of the human body and the substances these structures are made
of. It is the science of the interconnected detail of organisms or of their parts.

__________ is the study of the functions and activities performed by the body’s structures.

__________ is the study of the structure and composition of tissue.

_____________ is the process of combining smaller molecules to build larger and more complex molecules.

_______________ is the phase of metabolism in which larger, more complex molecules are broken down
within the cells to create smaller, simpler molecules.

_____________ tissue is fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the
body.

__________ tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body.

___________ tissue carries messages to control and coordinate all bodily functions.

__________ tissue is a protective covering on body surfaces.

The human body is about _____ percent water.

Examples of this type of tissue are bone, ligaments, fascia, and blood.

The organs within this system include the heart and blood vessels.

The organs within this system include the esophagus, stomach, gall bladder, liver, and small and large
intestines.

The organs within this system include the adrenal gland, pituitary gland, and pancreas.

The organs within this system include the kidneys and bladder.

The organs within this system include the skin and accessory organs.

The organs within this system include the spleen and lymph.

The ____________ is the uppermost and largest bone of the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder.

The ____________ is/are (a) bone(s) in the fingers or toes.

Angela wants to stimulate the muscular tissue of her client and is considering heating caps. What type of
stimulation is this?

As a nail technician, you will be concerned about flexors. What are they?

As a nail technician, you will be concerned about pronators. What are they?

As a nail technician, you will be concerned about supinators. What are they?

As a nail technician, you will be concerned about extensors. What are they?

While Evie was giving a pedicure, her client was complaining about pain on the underside of the toes. Which
nerve might Evie be concerned about in this situation?

How would you classify a sciatic nerve?

While Josie was giving a client a manicure, the client was complaining about pain in her little finger. Which
nerve might Josie be the MOST concerned about?

Which nervous system controls involuntary muscles?

The spinal cord is part of which nervous system?

What nerves in the lower leg and foot would you be concerned about if a client were complaining about pain
on the outer side and back of the foot and leg?

Blood is composed of several things. Which of the following destroys disease-causing microorganisms?

Blood is composed of several things. Which of the following contributes to the blood-clotting process?

Blood is composed of several things. Which of the following contains hemoglobin?

Blood is composed of several things. Which of the following removes carbon dioxide from cells?

Which artery supplies blood to the lower leg muscles and to the muscles and skin on top of the foot and
adjacent sides of the first and second toes?

Which artery supplies blood to the ankles and the back of the lower leg?

The lymphatic system is made of all of the following EXCEPT:

The lymph is a colorless, watery fluid derived from what?

Which system should you be well aware of in order to protect your clients from exposure to infection and
disease in your spa?

Which system removes waste material from the body cells to the blood?

The _____________ system is a group of specialized glands that affect the growth, development, sexual
activities, and health of the entire body.

What part or function of the body would you give as an example of the endocrine glands?

Which of the following is NOT one of the organs that play a crucial role in the digestive system?

The ______________ enzymes are chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that can be used
by the body.

The ________________ system is also called the gastrointestinal system.

The ___________ system is responsible for purifying the body by eliminating toxins.

The ______________ discharge(s) waste containing bile.

The _____________ eliminate(s) decomposed and undigested food.

Which of the following is a muscular wall that separates the chest from the abdominal region and helps
control breathing?

What would happen if the body were deprived of oxygen?

What will happen to the skin of a person who has a weak respiratory system or is poorly oxygenated?

The integumentary system is made up of all of the following EXCEPT:

The ______________ is the largest organ of the body.

Into which system would you categorize the hair and nails?

The ____________ system performs the function of perpetuating the human race.

Which of the following is NOT of major importance to the nail tech?